یافته های نوین در علوم زیستی

ارزیابی تحمل یخ‌­زدگی در ژنوتیپ­های امید‌بخش نخود با استفاده از صفات فیزیولوژیک و نشانگرهای مولکولی

نویسندگان

المیرا شکوهی 1
امید سفالیان 2
علی اصغری 2
سعید خماری 2
بهروز اسماعیل‌پور 3
حامد افلاطونی 4

1 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی محقق اردبیلی، اربیل، ایران

2 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

3 گروه علوم و مهندسی باغبانی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی، اردبیل، ایران

4 گروه مهندسی تولید و ژنتیک گیاهی، دانشکده کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی، دانشگاه محقق اردبیلی. اردبیل، ایران

چکیده
نخود یکی از مهم­ترین گیاهان تیره بقولات بوده و در جیره غذایی از اهمیت زیادی برخوردار است. به‌منظور بررسی تنوع ژنتیکی، آزمایشی با 18 ژنوتیپ نخود در قالب طرح بلوک­های کاملاً تصادفی اجرا شد. پس از خوگیری گیاهان به سرما، تیمار یخ­‌زدگی در دماهای 6-، 8- و 10- اعمال شد و دمای 50 درصد کشندگی (LT50) آن­ها با تبدیل پروبیت تعیین شد. قبل و بعد از مرحله خوگیری نمونه برگی برداشت و میزان محتوای نسبی آب برگ، رنگیزه­های فتوسنتزی، پرولین، قند محلول، درصد پروتئین، کاتالاز، پراکسیداز، پلی­فنول­اکسیداز و شاخص سبزینگی اندازه­گیری شد. نتایج تجزیه واریانس صفات فیزیولوژیکی نشان داد که تمامی صفات مورد بررسی به غیر از میزان کلروفیلa، کلروفیلb، و پلی فنول پراکسیداز، از نظر شرایط خوگیری در سطح 1 درصد با یکدیگر تفاوت معنی‌دار داشتند. در صفات کلروفیلa، کلروفیلb، و پلی فنول پراکسیداز از نظر شرایط خوگیری در سطح 5 درصد با یکدیگر تفاوت معنی‌دار داشتند. ارقام مورد بررسی از نظر صفات کلروفیلa، کلروفیل کل و شاخص سبزینگی دارای تفاوت معنی‌دار بودند. در اثر متقابل شرایط × رقم نیز از میان کلیه صفات مورد بررسی کاتالاز و شاخص سبزینگی با هم تفاوت معنی‌دار داشتند. ژنوتیپ 5 با کمترین مقدار LT50 (86/8-) و بالاترین درصد زنده‌مانی (%80‍) مقاوم­ترین و ژنوتیپ 10 با بیشترین مقدار LT50 (57/3-) و کم­ترین درصد زنده­‌مانی به همراه ژنوتیپ 15 حساس‌ترین ژنوتیپ­ها به یخ­زدگی شناخته شدند. به منظور ارزیابی تنوع ژنتیکی، DNA استخراج و با استفاده از 21 آغازگر مختلف ISSR مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج حاصل بیانگر وجود پلی­‌مورفیسم (چند شکلی) در میان این ارقام بود. در مجموع 101 نوار واضح تولید شد، که از این میان 94 نوار چندشکل بودند. محتوای اطلاعات چند شکلی (PIC) در محدوده 332/0 (آغازگر 7) تا 049/0 (آغازگر16) بود. میزان تنوع ژنی بین 126/0 تا 977/0 متغیر بود. تجزیه و تحلیل کلاستر ژنوتیپ­ها با استفاده از ضریب تشابه جاکارد و به روش UPGMA انجام شد و 18 ژنوتیپ گیاه نخود در 3 گروه دسته‌بندی شدند.

کلیدواژه‌ها

بهاره‌سازی
تنوع ژنتیکی
خصوصیات فیزیولوژیکی
ISSR
LT50

عنوان مقاله English

Evaluation of freezing tolerance in chickpea promising genotypes (Cicer arietinum) using physiological traits and molecular markers

نویسندگان English

Elmira Shokoohi 1
Omid Sofalian 2
Ali Asghari 2
Saeid Khomari 2
Behrooz Esmaielpour 3
Hamed Aflatooni 4
1 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
4 Department of Plant Production and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
چکیده English

Chickpea is one of the most important plants of the legume family and is very important in the diet. In order to investigate the genetic diversity of chickpea, an experiment was conducted with 18 chickpea genotypes in the form of a completely to investigate the genetic diversity of chickpea, an experiment was conducted with 18 chickpea genotypes in the form of a completely randomized block design. After acclimatization of plants to cold, freezing treatment was applied at temperatures of -6, -8 and -10 and their 50% lethality temperature (LT50) was determined by probit transformation. Before and after the habituation stage, a leaf sample was taken and the relative content of leaf water, photosynthetic pigments, proline, soluble sugar, protein percentage, catalase, peroxidase, polyphenol oxidase and greenness index were measured. Genotype number 5 with the lowest LT50 (-8.86) and the highest survival percentage (80%) was the most resistant genotype and genotype 10 with the highest LT50 (-3.57) and the lowest survival percentage along with genotype 15 were recognized as the most sensitive genotypes. In order to evaluate genetic diversity, DNA extraction was utilized and 21 different ISSR primers were used in the investigation. The results showed the presence of polymorphism among the cultivars studied. A total of 101 clear bands were produced, of which 94 were polymorphic bands. Polymorphic information content (PIC) was in the range of 0.332 (initiator 7) to 0.049 (initiator 16). The amount of gene diversity was between 0.126 and 0.977 changes. Cluster analysis of genotypes was done using Jaccard similarity coefficient and UPGMA method

کلیدواژه‌ها English

genetic variation
ISSR
LT50
physiological characteristics
vernalization
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یافته های نوین در علوم زیستی
دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 36
تابستان 1402
صفحه 143-157

  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 18 خرداد 1405

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