پویایی تغییرات زیستگاهی دوزیستان ساکن رشته کوه های زاگرس (ایران) در شرایط تغییر اقلیم

نویسندگان

گروه تنوع زیستی و مدیریت اکوسیستم‌ها، پژوهشکده علوم محیطی، دانشگاه شهید بهشتی، تهران، ایران

چکیده
در حال حاضر تغییر اقلیم به عنوان تهدیدی جدی برای بسیاری از گونه‌­ها و در نتیجه یکی از مهم­ترین عوامل از بین رفتن تنوع زیستی در جهان تلقی می‌­شود و درک چگونگی پاسخ گونه­‌ها به تغییرات اقلیمی از اهمیت بسیاری برخوردار است. در میان گروه‌­های جانوری، دوزیستان به دلیل عدم توانایی در جابجایی مسافت­‌های زیاد، از حساس‌ترین گروه‌­های مهره­‌داران در برابر تغییرات اقلیمی شناخته شده­اند و گونه­های زیستگاه­‌های کوهستانی بیشتر از سایر گونه­‌ها با فشارهای تغییر اقلیم مواجه هستند. از این رو در این مطالعه به بررسی پتانسیل پراکنش فعلی پنج گونه از دوزیستان ساکن رشته کوه­های زاگرس و واکنش آن­ها نسبت به تغییرات اقلیم در سال 2070 پرداخته شد. برای این منظور از یک رویکرد گروهی برای مدل­سازی پراکنش گونه­‌ای با هدف برآورد میزان خطرات از دست دادن پتانسیل‌­های زیستگاهی مطلوب در صورت بروز تغییر اقلیم استفاده شد. همچنین برای برآورد مساحت زیستگاه­های مطلوب در شرایط تغییر اقلیم، محاسبات مربوط به تغییرات مساحت زیستگاه‌­ها برای هر یک از گونه‌­ها انجام شد. پیش­‌بینی‌­ها نشان داد دو گونه نیوت آذربایجانی (Neurergus crocatus) و نیوت خال­زرد (Neurergus derjugini) به ترتیب نسبت به تغییر اقلیم بیشترین واکنش منفی را نشان داده و انقباض محدوده پراکنش آن­ها قابل وقوع است. رفتار جابجایی زیستگاه در برابر تغییرات جدید برای دو گونه وزغ بی­‌گوش لرستانی (Bufotes luristanicus) و سمندر آتشین (Salamandra infraimmaculata semenovi) قابل پیش­‌بینی است. با توجه به سرعت تغییرات اقلیمی در محدوده رشته کوه زاگرس مطالعه حاضر گامی در جهت شناسایی پویایی تغییرات زیستگاهی دوزیستان در این منطقه کوهستانی و مقابله با این چالش است.


کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

Dynamics of habitat changes as a result of climate change in Zagros Mountains Range (Iran), a case study on Amphibians

نویسندگان English

Elham Ebrahimi
Faraham Ahmadzadeh
Department of Biodiversity and Ecosystem Management, Environmental Sciences Research Institute, Shahid Beheshti University, G.C., Evin, Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Climate change is currently considered a serious threat for many species and recognized as one of the most important factors in the global biodiversity loss. Among animal groups, amphibians are known to be among the most sensitive groups of vertebrates to climate change due to their inability to travel long distances, and mountain habitat species are more exposed to climate change pressures than other species. Therefore, in this study, the current distribution potential of five species of amphibians living in the Zagros Mountains was assesed and their response to climate change in 2070 was predicted. To do so, a group approach for modeling the distribution of species (SDMs) was utilized to estimate the risks of losing the desired habitat potential in the event of climate change. Also, to estimate the desired habitat area in the context of climate change, calculations related to habitat area changes for each species were performed. Predictions showed that two out of five species studied, i.e., Azarbaijan Mountain Newt (Neurergus crocatus) and Yellow Spotted Newt (Neurergus derjugini) negatively reaction to climate change and their distribution range was predicted to be decreased and contracted. Habitat displacement behavior in the face of new changes is predictable for two species, i.e., Lorestan Toad (Bufotes luristanicus) and Fire Salamander (Salamandra infraimmaculata semenovi). Considering the speed of climate change in the Zagros Mountains, the present study is a step towards identifying the dynamics of habitat changes affecting amphibians of Zasgros region to cope with the impacts of climate change.


کلیدواژه‌ها English

biodiversity
ensemble approach
habitat changes
mountain habitats
species distribution models
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  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 18 خرداد 1405