بررسی دوشکلی جنسی در نسبت طول انگشتان دوم تا چهارم (2D:4D) در دو گونه وزغ سبز و وزغ پابیلچه‌ای

نویسندگان

1 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه گیلان، رشت، ایران

2 گروه علوم جانوری، دانشکده علوم زیستی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، کرج، ایران

چکیده
دوشکلی جنسی در نسبت طول انگشتان یک ویژگی مورفولوژیکی حاصل از برهمکنش بین هورمون‌های جنسی و ژن‌های Hox قبل از تولد بوده که تکوین هر دوی اندام‌های حرکتی دست‌ها و پاها و اندام‌های جنسی را کنترل می‌کند. وضعیت این روند و نسبت‌ها در گروه‌های مختلف جانوری از جمله در انسان، دیگر پستانداران، پرندگان، خزندگان و دوزیستان بررسی شده است. در این مطالعه، دوشکلی جنسی از لحاظ نسبت بین طول انگشتان II تا IV (2D:3D, 2D:4D, 3D:4D) دست و پای چپ، در 54 نمونه از وزغ‌ها متشکل از گونه Bufo viridis (16 نمونه نر و 19 نمونه ماده) و گونه Pelobates syriacus (10 نمونه نر و 9 نمونه ماده) در شمال ایران مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد در Pelobates syriacus ماده‌ها دارای میانگین طول بدن (SVL) بیشتری نسبت به نرها بودند و این اختلاف از نظر آماری معنی‌دار بود (05/0P≤). در گونه Bufo viridis نیز ماده‌ها دارای میانگین طول بدن بیشتری از نرها بودند اما این اختلاف بین افراد نر و ماده از لحاظ آماری معنی‌دار نبود. نسبت اندازه طول انگشتان دست و پا در سمت چپ بدن برای هر دو گونه از لحاظ (2D:3D, 2D:4D, 3D:4D) مورد بررسی قرار گرفت. نتایج نشان داد که در هیچ کدام از صفات مورد بررسی در اندام‌های حرکتی جلویی و عقبی، اختلاف معنی‌داری بین افراد نر و ماده در گونه Bufo viridis مشاهده نشد. اما از لحاظ 2D:4D بین افراد نر و ماده در گونه Pelobates syriacus اختلاف معنی‌دار (040/0P=) وجود داشت و این نسبت در افراد نر بیشتر از مادهها بود. بنابراین، وجود تفاوت‌های معنی‌دار در این انگشتان در گونه Pelobates syriacus هماهنگ با این الگوی تغییرات در بیشتر دوزیستان و دیاپسیدها است.


کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

Sexual dimorphism in digit length ratios of the second to fourth digits (2D:4D) in two species of green toads (Pelobates syriacus Boettger, 1889 and Bufo viridis (Laurenti, 1768))

نویسندگان English

Iman Alinezhadi 1
Nastaran Heidari 2
Hossein Javanbakht 1
1 University of Guilan
2 Kharazmi University
چکیده English

Sexual dimorphism in the ratio of digits length is a morphological feature resulted from the interaction between sex hormones and prenatal Hox genes, the latter is known to control the development of both limbs and genitals. The status of this trend and ratios have been investigated in various animal groups, including humans, other mammals, birds, reptiles, and amphibians. In this study, the body length and sexual dimorphism in the second-to-fourth, second-to-third and third-to-fourth digit lengths ratios (i.e., 2D:3D, 2D:4D, 3D:4D) of left fore and hind limbs were investigated in 54 specimens of toads collected from the northern Iran, including Bufo viridis (16 males and 19 females) and Pelobates syriacus (10 males and 9 females). In addition, the body length of the studied specimens were recorded. The results showed that the average body length (SVL) of female individuals of Pelobates syriacus was higher than those in males, which was found to be statistically significant (P≤0.05). Meanwhile, the average body length (SVL) of female individuals of Bufo viridis was found to be higher than those in males, however, the difference was not statistically significant. No sexual dimorphism was detected in the second-to-fourth, second-to-third and third-to-fourth digit lengths ratios of left fore and hind limbs between the male and female undividuals of Bufo viridis. However, the second-to-fourth digit ratio (2D:4D) in Pelobates syriacus species were found to be significantly different (P=0.040) between the male and female individuals, as the ratio was higher in males than females. Therefore, it could be concluded that the sexual dimorphism in 2D:4D of Pelobates syriacus species is consistent with those in most amphibians and diapsids.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Amphibia
Development
Hox gene
morphology
vertebrates
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  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 18 خرداد 1405