بررسی تغییرات برخی آنزیم‎های مرتبط با سیستم دفاع آنتی اکسیدانی گیاه لوبیا در برابر بیمارگر Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli

نویسندگان

دانشگاه لرستان

چکیده
آنزیم‌های آنتی‌اکسیدانی نقش مهمی در دفاع گیاهان در برابر عوامل بیماری‌زا ایفا می‌کنند. پس از شناسایی بیمارگر توسط گیاهان یکی از اولین پاسخ‌های دفاعی گیاه تولید گونه‌های اکسیژن فعال (ROS) است. به منظور حفظ تعادل سطح ROS و جلوگیری از اثرات زیان بار آن­ها، گیاهان آنزیم­های آنتی­اکسیدانی پراکسیداز (POX)، کاتالاز (CAT)، آسکوربات پراکسیداز (APX) و سوپراکسیداز دیسموتاز (SOD) را تولید می نمایند. در پژوهش حاضر مقاومت ارقام لوبیا شامل صدری، پاک، درخشان و درسا به باکتری Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) در گلخانه بررسی شد. فعالیت آنزیم‎های پرکسیداز، کاتالاز و آسکوربات پراکسیداز در بوته ‏های لوبیای رقم­های صدری و درخشان سالم و آلوده به Xap در زمان‎های صفر، 24، 48 و 72 ساعت پس از مایه‌زنی بیمارگر، به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملا تصادفی با پنج تیمار و چهار تکرار سنجیده شد. نتایج نشان داد که تمام رقم‌های لوبیا علائم بیماری را نشان دادند. ارقام لوبیا درخشان با 33/58 درصد و صدری با 56/80 درصد علائم به ترتیب کم­ترین و بیش­ترین شدت علائم را بعد از 20 روز نشان دادند. بیش ­ترین میزان فعالیت آنزیم کاتالاز و پراکسیداز در 24 و 48 ساعت پس از مایه‌زنی مشاهده شد و در فاصله 48 و 72 ساعت بعد از مایه‌زنی کاهش یافت. فعالیت این آنزیمها در رقم حساس نسبت به رقم نیمه مقاوم کم­تر بود. همچنین میزان کلروفیل a و b در گیاهان بیمار نسبت به گیاهان سالم کاهش معنی‌داری نشان داد. با توجه به نتایج به‌دست‌آمده رقم درخشان به‏ عنوان یک رقم با مقاومت نسبی برای کشت در مناطق شیوع بیماری پیشنهاد می‌شود.




کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

Fluctuation in some enzymes related to antioxidant defense system in common bean against Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. Phaseoli

نویسندگان English

Fatemeh Derikvand
Eidi Bazgir
Mostafa Darvishnia
Hossein Mirzaei Najjafgholi
University of Lorestan
چکیده English

Antioxidant enzymes play an important role in plant defense against pathogenic agents. Following the identification of the pathogen, plants produce active oxygen species (ROS) as one of their first defense responses. To maintain the balance of ROS levels and prevent their harmful effects, plants produce antioxidant peroxidase (POX), catalase (CAT), ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes. In the present study, the resistance of bean plants cultivars, namely Sadri, Paak, Darakhshan and Dorsa, to Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli (Xap) were studied in greenhouse conditions. The catalase, peroxidase and ascorbate peroxidase enzyme activities were studied in healthy and Xap-infected bean cultivars Sadri and Derakhshan at 0, 24, 48, 72 hours and 20 days post inoculation by a completely randomized design with 5 treatments and 4 replications. The result showed that disease symptoms appeared in all tested cultivars. Derakhshan and Sadri cultivars, with 58.33 and 80.56 percentages of infected plants 20 days after inoculation, showed the least and highest infection rates, respectively. The highest catalase and peroxidase activities were recorded 24 and 48h post inoculation. These records reduced 48 and 72 hours post inoculation, respectively. The activities of these two enzymes in the susceptible cultivar were less than those in the semi-resistant one. The chlorophyll a and chlorophyll b contents of Xap-infected plants reduced significantly. The total chlorophyll content of uninfected Sadri and Darakhshan cultivars were 2.93 and 3.23 µg/g, respectively, which reduced to 1.96 and 2.14 µg/g of leaf tissue in infected plants, respectively. Based on these results, it is suggested that the Derakhshan cultivar should be planted in disease-susceptible regions as the semi-resistant cultivar.


کلیدواژه‌ها English

Ascorbate peroxidase
Peroxidase
plant defense
Superoxide dismutase
Catalase
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  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 18 خرداد 1405