The effect of different treatments on seed germination and dormancy breaking in seeds of Gundelia tournefortii

Vaisi, Ghazanfar; Mohtadi, Ahmad; Moradi, Ali

doi:10.29252/nbr.5.1.26

The effect of different treatments on seed germination and dormancy breaking in seeds of Gundelia tournefortii

Authors

Ghazanfar Vaisi

Ahmad Mohtadi

Ali Moradi

Yasouj University

https://doi.org/10.29252/nbr.5.1.26

Abstract

In order to investigate different treatment effects on germination in Gundelia tournefortii, three factorial experiments were carried out in the completely randomized design with three replications. The first factor was stratification at 4^oC in three levels including 0, 3 and 6 weeks, the second factor was mechanical scarification in two levels including seeds with/without scarification and the third factor was chemical treatments of seed dormancy breaking in three levels including distilled water and gibberellic acid at concentrations of 1000 and 1500 mg/l and Thiourea 0.1%. The results showed that the effects of stratification, scarification and chemical treatments of dormancy breaking and their interactions were significant on all studied parameters (p<0.01). Mean comparison values were significant for the effects of spate treatments together with mechanical scarification for the improvement of all traits. The results also revealed that treatment of mechanical scarification treatment together with gibberellic acid 1000 mg/l in six weeks stratification, due to maximum germination speed, seedling dry weight, seedling length, large-scale germination percentage and seedling vigor index and modest average germination period, was the most influential treatment for seed dormancy breaking of this plant. Correlation between germination percentage with germination rate, dry weight and seedling length was significant. It seems that seed dormancy type in Gundelia tournefortii is physiological and physical, as eliminating physiological and physical factors leads to its germination improvement.

Keywords

gibberellic acid

physiological dormancy

scarification

Stratification

thiourea

20.1001.1.24236330.1397.5.1.2.0

Aghaei, R., Alvani-Nejad, S., Basiri, R. and Zolfaghari, R. 2012. The relationship between plant ecological groups and environmental factors (case study: Vezg habitat). – Appl. Ecol. 1: 53-63.
Abu-Qaoud, H. 2007. Effect of scarification, gibberellic acid and stratification on seed germination of three Pistacia species. – An - Najah Univ. J. Res. 21: 1-11.
Aburajai, A., Darwish, R.M., Al-Kalil, S., Mahafzah, A. and Al-Abbadi, A. 2001. Screening of antibiotic resistant inhibitors from local plant materials against two different strains of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. – J. Ethnophar-macol. 76: 39-44.
Ahmad, M.Z. and Hussain, I. 2014. Effect of different treatments on the safe removal of seed dormancy in sunflower hybrid Hysun-33. – Persian Gulf Crop Protection (PGCP) 3: 1-5.
Apak, R., Guklu, K., Demirata, B., Ozyurek, M., Celik, S.E., Bektasoglu, B., Berker, K.I. and Ozyurt, D. 2007. Comparative evaluation of various total antioxidant capa-city assays applied to phenolic compounds with the CUPRAC assay. – Molecules 12: 1496-1547.
Asaadi, A.M. and Heshmati, G.A. 2015. The effect of different treatments on breaking seeds dormancy and inducing germination of Thymus transcaucasicus Ronn. and Zataria moltiflora Boiss. – J. Plant Res. 28: 12-22.
Baskin, J.M. and Baskin, C.C. 2004. A classification system for seed dormancy. – Seed Sci. Res. 14: 1-16.
Bernfeld, P. 1995. Amylases alpha and beta. – Methods Enzymol. 1: 149-151.
Cirak, C., Ayan, A.K. and Kevseroglu, K. 2004. The effects of light and some presoaking on germination rate of St. John Worth (Hypericum perforatum L.) seeds. – Pakistan J. Biol. Sci. 7: 182- 186.
Elias, S.G., Garary, A., Schweitzer, L. and Hanning, S. 2006. Seed quality testing of native specie. – Native Pl. J. 7: 15-19.
El-Dengawy, E.F. 2005. Promotion of seed germination and subsequent seedling growth of loaquat (Eriobotrya japonica) by moist-chilling GA3 applications. – Sci. Hort. 105: 331-342.
Fang, S., Wang, J., Wei, Z. and Zhu, Z. 2006. Methods to break seed dormancy in Cyclocarya paliurus (Batal). Iljinskaja. – Sci. Hort. 110: 305-309.
Greipsson, S. 2001. Effects of stratification and GA3 on seed germination of a sand stabilizing grass Leymus arenarius used in reclamation. – Seed Sci. Technol. (SST) 29: 1-10.
Halabi, S., Battah, A.A., Aburjai, T. and Hudaib, M. 2005. Phytochemical and antiplatelet investigation of Gundelia tournifortii. – Pharm. Biol. 43: 496-500.
Hartmann, H.T., Kester, D.E., Davies, F.T. and Geneve, R. L. 2011. Plant propagation principles and practices. – Prentic hall, NewJersey, Eight edition. 880 pp.
Hashemedezfuli, S.A. and Aghaalikhani, M. 1998. Seed dormancy and germination. – University of Shahid Chamran Press, 246 pp.
ISTA. 1996. International rules for seed testing. – Seed Sci. Technol. 13: 299-513.
ISTA. 2010. International rules for seed testing. – International Seed Testing Association. Zurich. 139 pp.
ISTA. 2011. International Seed Testing Association. – ISTA Working Sheets on Tetrazolium Testing, vol: 1, lst edition 2003, supplement 201, Basserdorf, Switzerland.
Jamshidzadeh, A., Fereidooni, F., Salehi, Z. and Nikn-ahad, H. 2005. Hepatoprotective activity of Gundelia tournifortii. – J. Ethnopharmacol. 101: 233-237.
Kondo, T. 1993. Promotion of hard seed germination in Lotus corniculatus var japonica for use in amenity grasslands. – Seed Sci. Technol. 21: 611-619.
Mahmoodzadeh, A., Nojvan, M. and Bagheri, Z. 2005. Effects of different treatments on breaking of dormancy and seed germination of Datura stramonium L. – J. Plant Res. 18: 341-349.
Manjkhola, S., Dhar, U. and Rawal, R.S. 2003. Treatments to improve seed germination of Arnebia benthamii: an endangered medicinal herb of high altitude Himalaya. – Seed Sci. Technol. (SST) 31: 571-577.
Munawar, S., Naeem, M., Ali, H.H., Jamil, M., Iqbal, M., Nazir, M.Q., Balal, R.M. and Safdar, M.E. 2015. Seed dormancy breaking treatments for African purslane (Zaleya pentandra). – Pl. Danin. 33: 623-629.
Nabaee, M., Roshandel, P. and Mohammad Khani, A. 2013. The effects of plant growth regulators on breaking seed dormancy in Silybum marianum L. – J. Cell Tissue 4: 45-54.
Nasiri, M., Madah Arefi, H. and Isvand, H.R. 2004. Evaluation of viability changes and dormancy breaking in the seed of some species in Natural Resources Gene Bank. – Iranian Journal of Rangelands and Forests Plant Breeding and Genetic Research 12: 163-182.
Olmez, Z., Yahyaglu, Z. and Omer, A. 2004. Effect of H2SO4, GA3 and KNO3 treatment on germination of Caper seeds. – Pakistan J. Biol. Sci. (PJBS) 7: 879-882.
Phartyal, S.S., Thapliyal, R.C., Nayal, J.S. and Joshi, G. 2003. Seed dormancy in Himalayan maple (Acer caesium) I: Effect of stratification and phytohormones. – Seed Sci. Technol. 31: 1-11.
Por-Esmaeel, M. and Sharifi, M. 2003. Study effect stratification and cytokinin several on seeds dormancy breaking Bunium persicum. – Iran. J. Med. Arom. Plants 19: 183-195.
Rajabian, T., Saboora, A., Hassani, B. and Fallah Hosseini, H. 2007. Effects of GA3 and chilling on seed germination of Ferula assafoetida. – Iran. J. Med. Arom. Plants 23: 391-404.
Rostamipour, A., Moradi, A., Isvand, H. and Nasiri, M. 2015. Investigation of seed dormancy type and its breaking methods in 3 ecotype Iranian Astragale (Astragalus cyclophyllus) pasture plant. – Iran. J. Sci. Technol. Seed 4: 51-56.
Sarmadniya, G. 1996. Seed technology. – Mashhad University Press. 228pp.
Stout, D. 1998. Rapid and synchronous germination of Cicer milkvetch seed following diurnal temperature priming. – Crop Sci. 181: 263-266.
Tajbakhsh, M. 1996. Seed (cognitive-certification and control). – Tabriz Ahrar Publications. 179 pp.
Tajbakhsh, M. and Gheasii, N. 2009. Seed ecology. – Urmia, Jihad Daneshgahee 134 pp.
Tavili, A., Pouzesh, H., Farajolahi, A., Zare, S. and Chahooki, M.A. 2010. The effect of different treatments on improving seed germination characteristics in medi-cinal species of Descurainia sophia and Plantago ovata. – Afr. J. Biotechnol. 39: 6588-6593.
Tipirdamaz, R. and Gomurgen, N. 2000. The effects of temperature and gibberellic acid on germination of Eranthis hyemalis L. Salisb Seeds. – Turk. J. Bot. 24: 143-145.
Yamaguchi, S. and Kamiya, Y. 2000. Gibberellin bios-ynthesis: its regulation by endogenous and enviro-nmental signals. – Plant Cell Physiol. 41: 251-257.