Assessment of Verbenaceae family circumscription in Iran according to Flora Iranica using morphological and anatomical traits

Rezazadeh Moghadam, Narjes; Zamani, Asghar

doi:10.61186/nbr.10.4.61

Assessment of Verbenaceae family circumscription in Iran according to Flora Iranica using morphological and anatomical traits

Authors

Narjes Rezazadeh Moghadam ¹

Asghar Zamani ²

¹ University of Guilan, Rasht, Iran

² University of Guilan

https://doi.org/10.61186/nbr.10.4.61

Abstract

The family Verbenaceae, currently consists of Verbena and Phyla genera in different parts of Iran, especially northern provinces. The frame of this family has undergone significant changes in comparison with the previous references. For example, Vitex and Clerodendrum have been defined as the genera of this family in previous references. Accordingly, in this study, the relationship among these four genera has been evaluated using morphological and leaf anatomical characters of 20 samples. For this purpose, 67 qualitative and quantitative morphological and anatomical traits were used. The analysis of data was performed using R software ver. 4.3.1. For simultaneous analysis of quantitative and qualitative data, Factor Analysis of Mixed Data (FAMD) method was applied. The results of this study indicate the high value of some quantitative traits such as main vein xylem length, seed width, style length and blade width and some qualitative traits such as blade epidermal cells shape, stomata position, two arms of blade position in relation to each other, indumentum type, main vein epidermal cells shape, petal color, blade vascular bundles number, density of indumentum, leaf margin shape and stem branches length in the clustering of the genera. Totally, Analysis of data led to the separation of these genera. In accordance with the phylogenetic studies, Vitex and Clerodendrum show more affinity to each other and are separated from the currently native members of Verbenaceae in Iran, i.e. Verbena and Phyla.

Keywords

Anatomy

Clustering

FAMD

morphology

R software

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10.1007/978-3-642-18617-2_25 []