Nova Biologica Reperta
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تأثیر تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا و محلول پاشی کلات روی بر کمیت و کیفیت اسانس مرزه بختیاری (Satureja bachtiarica Bunge) در مرحله گلدهی کامل
The effect of inoculation with mycorrhizal fungus Glomus caledonium and zinc chelate spraying on the quantity and quality of Satureja bachtiarica Bunge essential oil at full flowering stage
علوم گیاهی
Plant Biology
مقاله پژوهشی
Original Article
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> به منظور بررسی</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0"> تأثیر</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا­ </span></span></span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Glomus caledonium</span></span></span></span></i><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و محلول­پاشی کلات­روی در غلظت­های </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">­(0،2،4 و 8 گرم در لیتر)</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> بر روی مقدار و ترکیبات اسانس مرزه­ بختیاری</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">S</span></span></span></span><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">atureja</span></span></span></span></i><i> </i><i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">bachtiarica</span></span></span></span></i><i> </i><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Bunge)</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">)</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">، آزمایش گلدانی در سال 1398 در گلخانه تحقیقاتی واقع شرکت زرین گیاه در شهر ارومیه</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">در قالب طرح­ بلوک­های کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. برداشت گیاهان در مرحله گلدهی کامل انجام گرفت. اسانسگیری به کمک دستگاه کلونجر انجام شد و </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">تجزیه ترکیبات اسانس در نمونههای مورد مطالعه به وسیله دستگاههای </span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">GC</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> و</span></span></span></span> <span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">GC-MS</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> انجام گرفت.</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">مقایسه میانگینها با استفاده از آزمون چند دامنهای دانکن نشان داد که تلقیح با قارچ میکوریزا گلوموس کالدونیوم </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0">تأثیر</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">معنیدار روی بازده اسانس سرشاخههای</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0"> گل­دار</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> مرزه بختیاری نداشته است ولی </span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#00b0f0">محلول</span></span></span></span><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:#00b0f0">­</span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#00b0f0">پاشی</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> با کلات­روی </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0">تأثیر</span></span></span></span> <span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">معنیدار آماری روی بازده اسانس در مقایسه با گروه شاهد داشته است. بین غلظتهای مختلف کلات­روی از نظر </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:#0070c0">تأثیر</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> بر بازده اسانس تفاوتی مشاهده نشد. همچنین</span></span></span></span><span lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span> <span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">تیمارهای اعمال شده سبب تغییر ترکیبات اسانس نسبت به نمونه اسانس گیاهان شاهد گردید. این تغییرات شامل کاهش ترکیبات بتا-کاریوفیلن</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> سابینن هیدرات</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> بورنئول و کارواکریل استات و افزایش میزان سیترال و اکتیل فتالات در گیاه تلقیح شده با میکوریزا و­ نیز افزایش میزان کارواکرول در اسانس گیاهان تیمار شده با کلات روی شد. </span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">همچنین</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> میکوریزاسیون</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> مقدار کل ترکیبات سزکوئیترپن و دی­ترپن و محلول­پاشی با کلات­روی</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span arial="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black">،</span></span></span></span><span lang="FA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"> مقدار کل ترکیبات منوترپنی در اسانس مرزه بختیاری را افزایش داد.</span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span><br />
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="direction:rtl"><span style="unicode-bidi:embed"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"><span dir="LTR" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span style="color:black"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
<span style="font-size:11pt"><span style="text-justify:kashida"><span style="text-kashida:0%"><span style="line-height:150%"><span sans-serif="" style="font-family:Calibri,"> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line">The aim of this study was to evaluate the changes in the essential oil chemical composition of </span></span></span></span></span><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Satureja bachtiarica</span></span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line"> Bunge were inoculated by spores of the arbuscular mycorrhizal inoculation </span></span></span></span></span><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Glomus caledonium</span></span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line"> and foliar application of </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">zinc chelate</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line"> levels (</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">0, 2, 4 and 8 g/L</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line">) in 2019, at Zarrin Giah greenhouse of Urmia city in West Azerbaijan Province, in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Plants were harvested at full flowering stage. </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Essential oil</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0">s</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="background:white"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"> were obtained by Clevenger apparatus and were analyzed by GC and GC/MS.</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line"> Comparison of means by Duncan's multiple range test showed that inoculation with <i>Glomus caldonium</i> had no significant effect on </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line">the</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line"> essential oil yield of </span></span></span></span></span><i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">Satureja bachtiarica</span></span></span></span></i><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line"> flowering shoots, but </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line">the</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line"> foliar application of zinc chelate had statistically significant effect.</span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line">However</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line">, there was no difference among different concentrations of zinc chelate in terms of effect on essential oil yield. The treatments also changed the essential oil composition compared to the essential oil of </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:#0070c0"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line">the</span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line"> control group. These changes included the reduction of beta-caryophyllene, sabinen hydrate, borneol and carvacryl acetate compounds and the increase of citral and octyl phthalate in the plant inoculated with mycorrhiza, as well as the increase of carvacrol in the essential oil of plants treated with zinc chelate</span></span></span></span></span><span dir="RTL" lang="AR-SA" style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span b="" nazanin="" style="font-family:"><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line">.</span></span></span></span></span> <span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line">Also, </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">inoculation with mycorrhizal fungi and </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line">zinc chelate foliar application </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">increased the </span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line">amount of sesquiterpene & diterpene and </span></span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black">monoterpene</span></span></span></span><span style="font-size:10.0pt"><span style="line-height:150%"><span new="" roman="" style="font-family:" times=""><span style="color:black"><span style="layout-grid-mode:line"> compounds, respectively. </span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span>
سیترال, بورنئول, کارواکرول, کاریوفیلن, کروماتوگرافی گازی– طیف سنجی جرمی
borneol, carvacrol, caryophyllene,citral, Gas chromatography-Mass spectrometric
48
61
http://nbr.khu.ac.ir/browse.php?a_code=A-10-715-3&slc_lang=fa&sid=1
Saeideh
Khamushi
سعیده
خاموشی
sa_khamoushi@yahoo.com
100319475328460010869
100319475328460010869
No
Urmia University
دانشگاه ارومیه
Fatemeh
Nejadhabibvash
فاطمه
نژاد حبیب وش
f.nejadhabibvash@urmia.ac.ir
100319475328460010870
100319475328460010870
Yes
Urmia University
دانشگاه ارومیه