TY - JOUR JF - nbr JO - NBR VL - 9 IS - 4 PY - 2023 Y1 - 2023/3/01 TI - Frequency of PGP and MRPA efflux pump genes in drug resistance in clinical isolates of Leishmania tropica and L. major TT - فراوانی ژن پمپ های افلاکس PGP و MRPA در ایجاد مقاومت دارویی در ایزوله های بالینی لیشمانیا تروپیکا و لیشمانیا ماژور N2 - This study aimed to identify PGP and MRPA genes in clinical isolates of Leishmania. The genes of pgpa (MRPA) and mdr1 (PGP) are involved in the drug resistance, their products act as dependent transporters of ATP (ABC Transporter) in the reflux of drugs from the cytosol to the outer space of the cell. Hence, 40 volunteers with leishmaniasis were randomly selected. Firstly, Amastigotes were examined under a light microscope, then inoculated into NNN-specific biphasic culture medium. Deoxy ribonucleic acids were extracted by phenol-chloroform method and were determined by ITS-specific primers. Then the frequency of two pumps involved in "drug resistance" was investigated by PCR. In this study, the mdr1 gene, which had previously been shown to be present in the in vitro resistant strains, was shown to have a higher frequency of pgpas, which could be due to the presence of MDR. It transports the drug from the inner layers of the lipid bilayer membrane to the outer layers, reducing the concentration of the drug inside the cell and causing drug resistance, while the MRPA pump is in the membrane of the cell organelles. SP - 257 EP - 266 AU - Parishan, Maede AU - Nateghi, Mahmoud AD - Microbial Biotechnology, Payame Noor University of East Tehran, Tehran, Iran KW - ABC transporter KW - cutaneous leishmaniasis KW - glucantim KW - mdr1 gene KW - pgpa gene UR - http://nbr.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3486-en.html ER -