TY - JOUR T1 - The effect of salinity on seed germination, early seedling growth and anatomical structure of Beta vulgaris TT - اثر تنش شوری بر جوانه زنی بذر، رشد اولیه گیاهک و ساختار تشریحی اندام‌های رویشی چغندرقند JF - nbr JO - nbr VL - 7 IS - 4 UR - http://nbr.khu.ac.ir/article-1-3097-en.html Y1 - 2021 SP - 419 EP - 430 KW - salinity KW - seedling KW - radicle length KW - phloem KW - xylem N2 - Beta vulgaris belongs to the family Amaranthaceae and was found to have halophytic ancestors. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of sodium chloride on seed germination, therefore the early stages of seedling growth of Beta vulgaris grown under different salinity levels (0, 100, 150 and 200 mM of NaCl) were studied. The experiment was laid out in a completely randomized design (CRD) with four replications. It was revealed that as concentration of NaCl increases, the rate and percentage of germination, length and fresh weight of radicle & plumule and seedling vigour index decrease. In conclusion, our results indicated that salt stress decreased Beta vulgaris seed germination and early seedling growth while induced changes in the anatomical characteristics such as increased level of cutin synthesis on epidermal leaves cells and altered the thickness of vascular system, epidermis and parenchyma in leaves, roots and petioles. M3 10.52547/nbr.7.4.419 ER -