بررسی فون نرم‌تنان غرب و جنوب استان تهران، ایران

نویسندگان

1 گروه زیست‌شناسی جانوری، دانشگاه پیام نور واحد تهران شرق،تهران، ایران

2 گروه بیولوژی جانوری و مسئول آزمایشگاه حلزون‌ها و لیسک‌های خسارت‌زای کشاورزی، موسسه تحقیقات گیاه پزشکی کشور، سازمان تحقیقات، آموزش و ترویج کشاورزی، تهران،ایران

چکیده
نرم‌تنان از آفات مهم اکوسیستم‌های طبیعی و کشاورزی هستند که با تغذیه از قسمت‌های مختلف برگ، ساقه، گل، جوانه، میوه و ریشه میزبان گیاهی مختلف و ایجاد خوردگی و کاهش بازار‌پسندی سالانه خسارت زیادی به محصولات کشاورزی و گونه­های گیاهی زیستگاه‌های مختلف در کشور وارد می‌نمایند. از طرفی، میزبانان واسط بیماری‌های انگلی انسان و احشام بوده که در پزشکی و دامپزشکی حائز اهمیت هستند. به این منظور، نمونه‌­برداری حلزون­‌ها و لیسک­‌های مناطق غرب و جنوب استان تهران براساس وضعیت طبیعی، پوشش گیاهی، قرارگیری باغات و مزارع، از خاک یا زیر خاک، زیر سنگ و تنه، مناطق آبی و دیگر مناطق مربوط به زیستگاه حلزون­‌ها و لیسک‌­ها، در ۹ ایستگاه­ تعیین شده، انجام شد. جمع­‌آوری، با استفاده از توری­‌های نمونه­‌گیری و مستقیم با دست از روی گیاهان، درختچه‌­ها و حاشیه رودها صورت گرفت. مجموعاً، تعداد ۱۷ گونه متعلق به ۱۲ جنس از ۹ خانواده براساس خصوصیات مورفومتری (شکل، اندازه، نقوش روی صدف، اپرکول، دریچه صدف، راست­گرد یا چپ­گرد بودن صدف، محل قرارگیری سوراخ تنفسی، خط میانه پشتی، موکوس و رنگ آن، اندازه بدن، سوهانک ،خط کلیه و دستگاه تولید مثلی) شناسایی شدند. بیش­ترین و کم­ترین تنوع گونه­‌ای در میان نرم‌­تنان شناسایی شده به ترتیب با ۱۶ و ۶ گونه مربوط به ایستگاه‌های ۹ و۲ از غرب و جنوب استان تهران است. بزرگترین خانواده از نظر تنوع گونه‌ای خانواده Helicidae با پنج گونه Monacha cantiana، Euomphalia pisiformis، Helicella krynickii، Helicella derbentina، Caucasotachea atrolabiata است. همچنین از بین گونه‌های شناسایی شده مهم‌ترین گونه از لحاظ پزشکی در انتقال بیماری‌های انگلی در انسان و دام گونه Lymnaea truncatula است. گونه Monacha cantiana نیز برای اولین بار از ایران گزارش می‌گردد. تمام نمونه‌ها همراه با کلیه اطلاعات مکانی و زمانی مربوطه، در موزه بخش تحقیقات جانورشناسی کشاورزی موسسه تحقیقات گیاه‌پزشکی کشور موجود هستند.






کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

An investigation on the mollusc fauna in west and south of Tehran Province, Iran

نویسندگان English

Mina Azhary 1
Elham Ahmadi 2
1 Department of Animal Biology, Tehran East branch, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran
2 Department of Animal Biology, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Tehran, Iran
چکیده English

Molluscs are important pests of natural and agricultural ecosystems, by feeding on different parts of leaves, stems, flowers, buds, fruits and roots of different plant hosts, reducing the marketability of annual agricultural products and damage plant species in different habitats in the country. Moreover, they are intermediate hosts of human and cattle parasites, and therefore are of medicinal and veterinary importance. In this study, snails and slugs were sampled from nine designated stations located in the south and west regions of Tehran province, considering their natural condition, vegetation, location of gardens and fields, soil or subsoil types, from the beneath of rocks and trunks, water bodies and other areas related to the habitat of snails and slugs. Samples were made using sampling nets or gathered directly by hand from plants, shrubs and river banks. Overally, 17 species belonging to 12 genera from nine families were collected and identified. Identification was done according to morphometric characters including shape, size of shell, dextral and sinistral position of the shell, operculum, aperture, radula, mucus colour, respiratory pore, keel, renal ridge and reproduction system. The highest and lowest mollusc species diversity among the stations studied were turned to be 16 and 6 species belong to station 9 (west of Tehran province) and station 2 (south of Tehran province), respectively. The most commonly diversed family was Hellicidae with 5 species, i.e., Monacha cantiana, Euomphalia pisiformis, Helicella krynickii, Helicella derbentina, Caucasotachea atrolabiata. Also, Lymnaea truncatula is identified as the most frequent species, which has medical importance. Monacha cantiana was identified in the present study and reported for the first time from Iran. All the samples and their respective spatial and temporal information were made available in the museum of the Agricultural Zoology Research Department in Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Identification
morphology
slug
snail
variation
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دوره 10، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 36
تابستان 1402
صفحه 108-121

  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 18 خرداد 1405