تعیین بهترین دما در جوانه‌زنی ارقام گیاه عدس جهت کشت پاییزه در استان خوزستان

نویسندگان

1 گروه زیست شناسی، دانشکده علوم پایه، دانشگاه صنعتی خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان، بهبهان، ایران

2 پژوهشکده تعلیم و تربیت، آموزش و پرورش، خوزستان، بهبهان، ایران

چکیده
جوانه­‌زنی موفق عامل اصلی در استقرار مناسب و عملکرد گیاهچه است. اطلاعات ناشی از نحوه جوانه‌زنی بذرها در مواجهه با تغییرات دمایی در زمان کاشت، راهکاری برای شناسایی ارقام مناسب‌­تر جهت کشت در منطقه مورد نظر است. به این منظور، آزمایشی به صورت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح کاملاً تصادفی با سه تکرار جهت بررسی تغییرات دمایی بر شاخص­‌های جوانه‌­زنی و رشدی ارقام پرکاربرد گیاه عدس در دانشگاه خاتم الانبیاء بهبهان طراحی شد. تیمارهای مورد بررسی پنج رقم عدس: گچساران، کیمیا، رباط، زیبا و بیله سوار و دما در سه سطح 20، 25 و 30 درجه سانتی­گراد (مشابه با شرایط پاییز استان خوزستان) در نظر گرفته شد. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که تمامی ارقام مورد بررسی در دماهای 20 و 30 درجه سانتی­گراد نسبت به دمای 25 درجه سانتی‌­گراد کاهش معنی­‌داری در تمامی صفات مورد بررسی (درصد و سرعت جوانه‌­زنی، قدرت جوانه­‌زنی، شاخص بنیه بذر، آندوسپرم مصرفی، طول ساقه­‌چه و ریشه­‌چه، طول گیاهچه، وزن خشک ساقه‌­چه و ریشه­‌چه) داشتند. در برهم­کنش اثرات رقم و دما مشاهده شد که رقم بیله­‌سوار بیشترین شاخص­های جوانه‌­زنی و رشدی را در دمای 25 درجه سانتی­گراد نسبت به سایر ارقام مورد بررسی داشت. این برتری در صفاتی نظیر سرعت جوانه­‌زنی، قدرت جوانه­‌زنی، شاخص بنیه بذر، وزن خشک ساقه­چه و طول ریشه­‌چه نسبت به سایر ارقام معنی‌­دار بود. رتبه دوم بالاترین شاخص‌های جوانه­زنی و رشدی به رقم گچساران در شرایط 25 درجه سانتی­‌گراد اختصاص داشت که نسبت به سایر ارقام مورد بررسی (کیمیا، رباط و زیبا) افزایش معنی­داری داشت. با توجه به کشت پاییزه عدس و نوسانات دمایی در این فصل (محدوده دمایی 20 تا 30 درجه سانتی­گراد)، استفاده از ارقام بیله سوار و گچساران در شرایط دمایی 25 درجه سانتی­گراد، به عنوان ارقامی با شاخص‌­های عملکردی بالاتر نسبت به ارقام زیبا، کیمیا و رباط جهت کشت توصیه می­‌گردد.


کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

Determining of optimal temperature for germination of lentil cultivars (Lens culinaris Medik) for autumn cultivation in Khuzestan province

نویسندگان English

Raheleh Ahmadpour 1
Roya Ghalavand 1
Saeed Reza Hosseinzadeh 2
Nezam Armand 1
1 Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Behbahan Khatam Alanbia University of Technology, Behbahan, Iran
2 Education Research Institute, Department of Education, Khuzestan, Behbahan, Iran
چکیده English

Successful germination is the main factor in proper establishment and seedling yield. Information on seed germination, in the face of temperature changes at the time of planting, is a way to identify more suitable cultivars for cultivation at the planting site. For this purpose, a factorial experiment was performed based on completely randomized design with 3 replications. This experiment was conducted to investigate the temperature changes on the germination and growth indicators of lentil cultivars at Khatam Al-Anbia University of Behbahan. The studied treatments included five lentil cultivars of Gachsaran, Kimia, Robat, Ziba and Bilehsevar, and the temperature levels were 20, 25 and 30 °C, similar to the autumn conditions of Khuzestan Province. The results showed that all the seedlings of investigated cultivars cultivated at temperatures of 20 and 30 °C had a significant decrease in all the investigated traits, i.e., germination percent, germination rate, germination vigor, seed vigor index, endosperm consumption, plumule length, radicle length, seedling length, plumule dry weight and radicle dry weight, in comparison with those seedlings cultivated in 25 °C. The study of the interaction of cultivar-temperature effects showed that Bilehsevar cultivar had the highest germination and growth indices at 25°C compared to other investigated cultivars. This increase in traits such as germination rate, germination vigor, seed vigor index, plumule dry weight and radicle length was more significant in Bilehsevar cultivar compared to other cultivars. The second rank of the highest germination and growth indices was assigned to Gachsaran cultivar under 25°C conditions, which had a significant increase compared to other cultivars (Kimia, Robat and Ziba). Considering the autumn cultivation of lentils and the changes of temperature in that season (temperature range of 20 to 30 °C) in the studied area, the use of Bilehsevar and Gachsaran cultivars under the temperature of 25 °C, due to their higher germination indicators compared to the other cultivars, i.e., Ziba, Kimia and Robat, could be recommended.




کلیدواژه‌ها English

Actinobacter
cytotoxic effect
medicinal plant
Microbacterium
symbiosis
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  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 18 خرداد 1405