اثر پتانسیل‌های محرک رشد گیاه باکتری‌های ریزوسفری جداسازی شده از چند گونه گیاه مرتعی شورپسند بر رشد رویشی و محتوای یونی گندم

نویسندگان

1 اداره کل منابع طبیعی و آبخیزداری استان یزد، یزد، ایران

2 گروه محیط زیست، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویر شناسی، دانشگاه یزد، یزد، ایران

3 گروه علوم خاک، دانشکده منابع طبیعی و کویر شناسی، دانشگاه یزد ، یزد، ایران

4 بخش تحقیقات جنگل و مراتع، مرکز تحقیقات و آموزش کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی استان یزد، یزد، ایران

5 گروه علوم و مهندسی خاک، پردیس کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران

چکیده
تنش شوری، امروزه یکی از مهمترین چالش‌­ها در تولید گندم است. باکتری­‌های ریزوسفری جداسازی شده از گیاهان شورپسند با سازوکارهای مستقیم و غیر­مستقیم موجب افزایش بردباری گیاهان زراعی به شوری می­‌گردند. در این مطالعه، صفات محرک رشد گیاه سویه­های باکتریایی مقاوم به شوری (Bacillus safensis، Bacillus pumilus و Zhihengliuella halotolerans) جداسازی شده از ریزوسفر گیاهان مرتعی آتریپلکس، اشنان، گز و سنبله نمکی تعیین و تاثیر آن­ها بر برخی صفات رویشی و محتوای یونی گندم آبیاری شده با آب شور (آب آبیاری با شوری 2/0 دسی­زیمنس بر متر به عنوان شاهد، 4، 8 و 16 دسی زیمنس بر متر) اندازه­‌گیری شد. هر سه سویه باکتری قادر به تولید اکسین، سیانید هیدروژن، سیدروفور و ACC دآمیناز و انحلال فسفات بودند. افزایش سطوح شوری باعث افزایش غلظت سدیم و کاهش غلظت پتاسیم، کلسیم و فسفر در برگ گندم و نیز کاهش طول ساقه، وزن خشک بخش هوایی و ریشه، نسبت وزن خشک ریشه به اندام هوایی و بیوماس کل نسبت به شاهد گردید. در تیمارهای تحت تنش شوری تلقیح شده با باکتری، کاهش غلظت سدیم تا 7/17 درصد و افزایش غلظت پتاسیم، کلسیم، فسفر و نسبت پتاسیم به سدیم به ترتیب تا 33، 7/25، 4/200 و 41 درصد نسبت به شاهد اندازه­‌گیری شد که کارآمدترین باکتری در این زمینه Z. halotolerans بود. باکتری­‌ها همچنین باعث افزایش طول ساقه، وزن خشک بخش هوایی، وزن خشک ریشه، نسبت وزن خشک ریشه به وزن خشک بخش هوایی و بیوماس کل به ترتیب تا 17، 6/58، 137، 88 و 66 درصد شدند که در این زمینه باکتری B. safensis از بیشترین تاثیر برخوردار بود. نتایج این مطالعه نشان داد که باکتری­‌های محرک رشد گیاهان مرتعی شور­پسند می‌‌توانند در بهبود شاخص‌­های رشد گندم در شرایط شوری نقش داشته باشند. این نتایج همچنین نشان داد که ریزوسفر گیاهان مرتعی شور­پسند می­‌تواند منبع مناسبی برای جداسازی باکتری­‌های مقاوم به شوری جهت بهبود مقاومت گندم به شوری باشد.

کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

The effect of plant growth promoting potentials of rhizosphere bacteria isolated from several halophytic species on vegetative growth and ionic content of wheat

نویسندگان English

alireza Amini Hajiabadi 1
Asghar Mosleh Arani 2
Someh Ghasemi 3
mohammad hadi Rad 4
Shima Shabazi 3
Hassan Etesami 5
1 Central Office of Natural Resources & Watershed Management, Yazd, Iran
2 Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
3 Department of Soil Sciences, Faculty of Natural Resources, Yazd University, Yazd, Iran
4 Forest and Rangeland Division, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resource Research and Education Center, Yazd, Iran
5 Department of Soil Science, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
چکیده English

Salinity stress is an important challenge for wheat production in the world. Plant growth promoting rhizosphere bacteria, isolated from halophytic plants, can increase the tolerance of crop plants to salinity by direct and indirect mechanisms. In this study, plant growth-promoting traits of bacterial strains (Bacillus safensis, Bacillus pumilus and Zhihengliuella halotolerans), isolated from the rhizosphere of several halophyte plants, were deterimined and their effects on some vegetative traits and ionic content of wheat plant irrigated with saline water ( 0.2, as control, 4, 8 and 16 dS/m) were measured. Result showed that all three bacteria were able to produce auxin, hydrogen cyanide, siderophore, 1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylic acid deaminase and soluble phosphate. The increase in salinity levels caused increase in the concentration of sodium and decrease in the concentration of potassium, calcium and phosphorus in wheat leaves, as well as decrease in stem length, shoot and root dry weight, root to shoot dry weight ratio and total biomass. In wheat plants irrigated with saline water and inoculated with the bacterial strains, sodium concentration decreased up to 17.7% and concentrations of potassium, calcium, phosphorus and potassium to sodium ratio increased up to 33, 25.7, 200.4 and 41%, respectively. The most efficient bacterium was found to be Z. halotolerans. All bacterial isolates also increased stem length, shoot and root dry weight, root to shoot dry weight ratio and total biomass by 17, 58.6, 137, 88 and 66 %, respectively. The results of this study showed that the plant growth-promoting bacteria of rangeland halophytic plants potentionally improve the growth indices of wheat plants in saline conditions. These results also showed that the rhizosphere of halophytic plants in rangelands can be a good source for the isolation of salinity-resistant bacteria to improve the resistance of wheat plants to salinity.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Atriplex
Bacillus
morphology
plant promoting rhizosphere bacteria
seidlitzea
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دوره 8، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 28
تابستان 1400
صفحه 104-117

  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 18 خرداد 1405