اثر تنش کم‌آبی بر شاخص‌های فلورسانس کلروفیل، رنگدانه‌های فتوسنتزی، تریگونلین و عملکرد دانه شنبلیله در واکنش به زئولیت و نیتروژن

نویسندگان

1 استادیار بخش کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران

2 استاد گروه زراعت، دانشکده کشاورزی، دانشگاه تربیت مدرس، تهران، ایران

3 دانشیار گروه زیست شناسی، دانشگاه خوارزمی، تهران، ایران

چکیده
به‌منظور بررسی اثرات تنش کم‌آبی، کود نیتروژن و زئولیت بر شاخص‌های فلورسانس کلروفیل، رنگدانه‌ها، محتوای تریگونلین و عملکرد دانه شنبلیله، آزمایشی به‌صورت اسپلیت فاکتوریل در قالب طرح بلوک ‌کامل تصادفی با سه تکرار اجرا شد. تیمارهای آزمایشی شامل پنج رژیم آبیاری به‌عنوان عامل اصلی و ترکیب فاکتوریلی از سه تیمار کودی بر اساس نیتروژن مورد نیاز گیاه (شاهد، ورمی‌کمپوست به میزان 7/2 تن در هکتار و اوره به میزان 11 کیلوگرم در هکتار) و دو مقدار زئولیت (صفر و نه تن در هکتار) به‌عنوان عامل فرعی بودند. نتایج نشان دادند که تنش کم‌آبی به‌طور معنی‌داری، ماکزیمم فلورسانس (Fm)، فلورسانس متغییر(FV) ، کارایی فتوسیستم II (Fv/Fm محتوای کلروفیل a، b و کل (a+b) و عملکرد دانه را کاهش داد ولی فلورسانس حداقل (F0)، کارتنوئید و غلظت تریگونلین را افزایش داد. به‌علاوه، بیشترین میزان (Fv/Fm)، محتوای کلروفیل کل، کمترین میزان (F0) و کاروتنوئید در تیمار بدون تنش کم‌آبی دیده شد و با افزایش شدت تنش کم‌آبی از غلظت تریگونلین و عملکرد دانه کاسته شد. نتایج نشان داد که تنش کم‌آبی منجر به بازدارندگی نوری فتوسیستم IIشد. در اکثر تیمارها کاربرد کود ورمی‌کمپوست باعث افزایش عملکرد (به‌ترتیب در سال اول و دوم 5/25 درصد و 98/32 درصد) و غلظت تریگونلین دانه شنبلیله (46/7 درصد در سال اول) شد. بنابراین توصیه می‌شود اگر هدف کاشت، تولید تریگونلین از دانه شنبلیله باشد، تنش کم‌آبی خفیف به‌همراه ورمی‌کمپوست می‌تواند تیمار مناسبی بدین منظور باشد.





کلیدواژه‌ها


عنوان مقاله English

The effect of water deficit stress on chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic pigments, trigoneline and grain yield in fenugreek in response to zeolite and nitrogen

نویسندگان English

َAbolfazl Baghbani-Arani 1
Seyed Ali Mohammad Modarres-Sanavi 2
Masoud Mashhadi Akbar Boojar 3
Zohrab Adavi 1
Hamid Dehghanzade-Jezi 1
چکیده English

In order to determine the effects of water deficit stress, nitrogen fertilization and zeolite on chlorophyll fluorescence, pigments, trigonelline content and seed yield in, a split factorial experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. Five irrigation regimes were randomly applied to the main plots. Subplots included six treatments and consisted of a factorial combination of three nitrogen fertilization (untreated plots, vermicompost at a rate of 2.7 ton ha-1 and nitrogen chemical fertilizer at a rate of 11 kg.ha-1) and two zeolite rates (0 and 9 ton.ha-1). The results demonstrated that (Fm), (Fv), (Fv/Fm), chl a, b, total chl content and also seed yield were significantly reduced by water deficit stress, wheras minimum fluorescence (F0), carotenoid and trigonelline concentrations were increased. In addition, the highest Fv/Fm, chl a+b content and the lowest F0 and carotenoids were observed when irrigation was done after unloading 40% of ASW. In most treatments vermicompost increased the yield (by 25.51% and 98.32% in 2014 and 2015, respectively) and grain trigonelline concentration (7.46% in 2014) in Fenugreek. Mild water stress with vermicompost treatment is recommended for the production of trigoneline from Fenugreek seeds.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

chemical fertilizer
drought stress
Fv/Fm
vermicompost
Zeolite
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Acharya, S.N., Thomas, J.E. and Basu, S.K. 2008. Fenugreek, an alternative crop for semiarid regions of North America. - Crop Sci. 48: 841-53. [DOI:10.2135/cropsci2007.09.0519]
Acharya, S.N., Thomas, J.E. and Basu, S.K. 2008. Fenugreek, an alternative crop for semiarid regions of North America. - Crop Sci. 48: 841-53. [DOI:10.2135/cropsci2007.09.0519]
Arancon, N.Q., Edwards, C.A., Bierman, P., Metzger, J.D. and Lucht, C. 2005. Effects of vermicomposts produced from cattle manure, food waste and paper waste on the growth and yield of peppers in the field. - Pedobiol. 49: 297-306. [DOI:10.1016/j.pedobi.2005.02.001]
Arancon, N.Q., Edwards, C.A., Bierman, P., Metzger, J.D. and Lucht, C. 2005. Effects of vermicomposts produced from cattle manure, food waste and paper waste on the growth and yield of peppers in the field. - Pedobiol. 49: 297-306. [DOI:10.1016/j.pedobi.2005.02.001]
Arnon, D.I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphennoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. - Plant Physiol. 24: 1-150. [DOI:10.1104/pp.24.1.1]
Arnon, D.I. 1949. Copper enzymes in isolated chloroplasts. Polyphennoloxidase in Beta vulgaris. - Plant Physiol. 24: 1-150. [DOI:10.1104/pp.24.1.1]
Basu, S.K. 2006. Seed production technology for fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in the Canadian. Master of Science Thesis. Department of Biological Sciences University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada pp: 202.
Basu, S.K. 2006. Seed production technology for fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum L.) in the Canadian. Master of Science Thesis. Department of Biological Sciences University of Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada pp: 202.
Cho, Y., Kodjoe, E., Puppala, N. and Wood, A.J. 2011. Reduced trigonelline accumulation due to rhizobial activity improves grain yield in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). - Acta Agri. Scand. B 61: 395-403. [DOI:10.1080/09064710.2010.494614]
Cho, Y., Kodjoe, E., Puppala, N. and Wood, A.J. 2011. Reduced trigonelline accumulation due to rhizobial activity improves grain yield in peanut (Arachis hypogaea L.). - Acta Agri. Scand. B 61: 395-403. [DOI:10.1080/09064710.2010.494614]
Conming, L. and Zang, J. 2000. Photosynthetic CO2 assimilation chlorophyll fluorescence and photoihibiton as affected by nitrogen deficiency in maize plants. - J. Plant Sci. 151: 135-143. [DOI:10.1016/S0168-9452(99)00207-1]
Conming, L. and Zang, J. 2000. Photosynthetic CO2 assimilation chlorophyll fluorescence and photoihibiton as affected by nitrogen deficiency in maize plants. - J. Plant Sci. 151: 135-143. [DOI:10.1016/S0168-9452(99)00207-1]
Dadrasan, M., Chaichi, M. R., Pourbabaee, A. A., Yazdani, D. and Keshavarz-Afshar, R. 2015. Deficit irrigation and biological fertilizer influence on yield andtrigonelline production of Fenugreek. - Indust. Crops Prod. 77: 156-162. [DOI:10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.08.040]
Dadrasan, M., Chaichi, M. R., Pourbabaee, A. A., Yazdani, D. and Keshavarz-Afshar, R. 2015. Deficit irrigation and biological fertilizer influence on yield andtrigonelline production of Fenugreek. - Indust. Crops Prod. 77: 156-162. [DOI:10.1016/j.indcrop.2015.08.040]
Facchini, P.J. 2001. Alkaloid biosynthesis in plants: biochemistry, cell biology, molecular regulation, and metabolic engineering applications. - Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 52: 29-66. [DOI:10.1146/annurev.arplant.52.1.29]
Facchini, P.J. 2001. Alkaloid biosynthesis in plants: biochemistry, cell biology, molecular regulation, and metabolic engineering applications. - Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. Plant Mol. Biol. 52: 29-66. [DOI:10.1146/annurev.arplant.52.1.29]
Francheboud, Y. and Leipner, J. 2003. The application of chlorophyll fluorescence to study light, temperature and drought stress. In: De-Ell, J.R., P.M.A. Tiovonen (Eds.). Practical applications of chlorophyll fluorescence in plant biology. - Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp: 125-150. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4615-0415-3_4]
Francheboud, Y. and Leipner, J. 2003. The application of chlorophyll fluorescence to study light, temperature and drought stress. In: De-Ell, J.R., P.M.A. Tiovonen (Eds.). Practical applications of chlorophyll fluorescence in plant biology. - Boston: Kluwer Academic Publishers. pp: 125-150. [DOI:10.1007/978-1-4615-0415-3_4]
Hassanzadeh, E., Chaichi, M.R., Mazaheri, D., Rezazadeh, S. and Badi, H.A.N. 2011. Physical and chemical variabilities among domestic Iranian fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum) seeds. - Asi. J. Plant Sci. 10: 323-330. [DOI:10.3923/ajps.2011.323.330]
Hassanzadeh, E., Chaichi, M.R., Mazaheri, D., Rezazadeh, S. and Badi, H.A.N. 2011. Physical and chemical variabilities among domestic Iranian fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graceum) seeds. - Asi. J. Plant Sci. 10: 323-330. [DOI:10.3923/ajps.2011.323.330]
Hazrati, S., Tahmasebi-Sarvestani, Z., Modarres-Sanavy, S. A. M., Mokhtassi-Bidgoli. A. and Nicola, S. 2016. Effects of water stress and light intensity on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and pigments of Aloe vera L. - Plant Physiol. Biochem. 106: 141-148. [DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.04.046]
Hazrati, S., Tahmasebi-Sarvestani, Z., Modarres-Sanavy, S. A. M., Mokhtassi-Bidgoli. A. and Nicola, S. 2016. Effects of water stress and light intensity on chlorophyll fluorescence parameters and pigments of Aloe vera L. - Plant Physiol. Biochem. 106: 141-148. [DOI:10.1016/j.plaphy.2016.04.046]
Ippolito, A.J., Tarkalson, D.D. and Lehrsch, G.A. 2011. Zeolite soil application method affects inorganic nitrogen, moisture, and Corn growth. - Soil Sci. 176: 136-142. [DOI:10.1097/SS.0b013e31820e4063]
Ippolito, A.J., Tarkalson, D.D. and Lehrsch, G.A. 2011. Zeolite soil application method affects inorganic nitrogen, moisture, and Corn growth. - Soil Sci. 176: 136-142. [DOI:10.1097/SS.0b013e31820e4063]
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دوره 6، شماره 2 - شماره پیاپی 20
تابستان 1398
صفحه 229-240

  • تاریخ دریافت 18 خرداد 1405
  • تاریخ انتشار 18 خرداد 1405